Electromagnetic Transient/Dynamic Studies:

Electromagnetic Transient (EMT) Studies are crucial in analyzing the dynamic behavior of electrical systems during transient events. These studies are essential for ensuring the reliability, safety, and efficiency of electrical grids, as well as for developing and testing advanced grid technologies. KLS offers a broad range of services for EMT studies:

1. Insulation Coordination: This study examines minimum insulation requirements for insulated equipment. Insulation coordination then follows to ensure equipment can either withstand transient voltage stresses during switching and fault conditions or mitigation measures of put in place to prevent equipment damage and failures.

2. TOV (Temporary Overvoltage), TRV (Transient Recovery Voltage), and Capacitor Switching: These studies examine voltage transients associated with capacitor switching, temporary overvoltage, and transient recovery voltages following circuit breaker operations, ensuring equipment protection and operational stability.

3. Line and Transformer Energization: Transient studies for line and transformer energization assess the inrush currents, overvoltages, and associated stresses during the energization process, helping prevent damage to equipment.

4. Breaker Transient Recovery Voltage (TRV) Analysis: TRV analysis evaluates the voltage recovery characteristics of circuit breakers following a current interruption, ensuring their ability to safely and effectively clear faults.

5. PSSE/PSCAD Model Benchmarking: Comparing and validating models between PSS/E (Power System Simulation for Engineering) and PSCAD (Power System Computer-Aided Design) helps ensure accurate simulation results and model consistency.

6. PSCAD User-Defined Model Development: Developing user-defined models in PSCAD allows for detailed representation of specific system components or behaviors, enhancing the fidelity of simulations.

7. Real-time Simulation/Testing on RTDS (Real-Time Digital Simulator): Real-time simulation on RTDS provides a platform for hardware-in-the-loop testing, allowing the evaluation of protective relays and simulated control systems under a closed loop simulated network.

8. Model Development in RSCAD: RSCAD is a software platform used for modeling and simulation in real-time environments, facilitating the development and testing of advanced control strategies and protection schemes.

9. Programs Used: The platforms we use for dynamic model development and studies include: Siemens PTI PSS/E, PSCAD/EMTDC, RTDS RSCAD, DSATools, DIgSILENT PowerFactory.